WP 5.2: 4D climatologies of GEOmon data from models
Selected state-of-the-art chemical transport models are used in the framework of GEOmon to simulate the long-term evolution of the atmospheric composition. These simulations cover both the troposphere and the stratosphere and the global and regional European scales. The period of interest is 1980-2000 for the stratosphere and 1960-2000 for the troposphere.
Based on these simulations, model climatologies are developed to allow for:- a first guess of the distribution of trace species for satellite retrieval,
- the comparison of model results and observations gathered in the GEOmon database,
- the assessement of the ability of the models in simulating the observed trends,
- their use as boundary conditions for regional models.
These data and their description are available hereafter. If you want to use these data please follow the GEOmon data policy. The respective model owners should be contacted before submitting a publication or showing results in public. Depending on the role that these data play in your work we expect either co-authorship or acknowledgement in your publication. Please also acknowledge "the GEOmon program (FP6-2005-Global-4-036677)" and possibly the program/institute mentioned herafter for each of the data sets. We assume no liability for any false conclusions derived from the use of our model results.
All files are in netCDF format. Use the ncdump tool available from unidata.ucar.edu if you want to analyse the contents of these files.
For any question or request concerning these climatologies, please contact Sophie Szopa (LSCE/CEA/IPSL, France)
This stratospheric climatology is representative for the end of the 90's. It was computed by Martyn Chipperfield (Univ. Leeds, UK) using the SLIMCAT model forced by ERA40 meteo reanalysis and having a 5.625°x5.625° resolution (see Feng et al. ACP 2007. The complete model run was 1977-2004 but only the years 1997-1999 are sampled here with a 2-day temporal resolution. The file provides the O3, NO2, CH4, N2O, ClOx, HCl, ClONO2, Cly, NOy mixing ratios as a function of height and time for 61 locations where regular measurements are currently performed.
- download the readme file (3.7ko)
- download the climatology (34Mo)
at the Dumont d'Urville station simulated by SLIMCAT.
Tropospheric Chemistry
This tropospheric climatology is representative of the 90's (mean over the years 1990-1999). It was computed by S. Szopa and M. Schulz (LSCE/CEA/IPSL, France) based on the 40 years (1960-2000) of RETRO simulations performed by three state-of-the-art global models (TM4, ECHAM5-MOZ and LMDz-INCA) forced by ERA40 meteo reanalysis. The original model results on their native grid can be downloaded on the RETRO website.
The results of the three models were regridded horizontally (2.5°x2.5°) and vertically on the same pressure levels. The climatology provides averaged concentrations of O3, NOx, CH4, HNO3 and HCHO and the standard deviation between the three models.
- download the readme file (0.7ko)
- download the climatology (140Mo)
Tropospheric Aerosol
An average aerosol distribution has been constructed from selected aerosol model simulations, assembled in the scope of the AeroCom initiative. The simulations and models are described by Textor et. al (2006), Kinne et al. (2006) and Schulz et al. (2006) (all appeared in ACP). The simulations represent meteorological conditions and emissions from the year 2000. The median aerosol fields (1x1 degree) are available for total aerosol, sea salt, dust, black carbon, particulate organic matter and sulphate optical depth, speciated surface concentration and wet deposition, as well as coarse mode and fine mode AOD and the Angstroem Component. Depending on the variable and the frequency (daily or monthly) different models have been used to compute the local median value from different simulations.
Readme and data files: A visualisation of the fields and validation with surface observations from the GEOMON/EBAS database and Aeronet can be found via the AeroCom webinterface.
Please contact Michael Schulz if you want to use these data.
European Air Quality
The climatologies were performed using the CHIMERE model to simulate air quality from 2001 to 2007. CHIMERE is a 3D chemistry-transport model simplified enough to allow for long term simulations or real time forecasts. The anthropogenic emissions are given by EMEP (Vestreng et al., 2003). They consist of annual emitted quantities, given for the 11 activity sectors and NOx, CO, SOx, PM, NMVOC and NH3 anthropgenic species. CHIMERE computes the concentrations of 44 gas-phase and aerosol species, on a regular grid: 0.5°x0.5°. It uses 20 hybrid sigma-pressure levels up to 200 hPa, thus encompassing the boundary layer for the coarse domain, and 8 hybrid sigma-pressure levels up to 500 hPa for the nest domain.
The aerosol module actually uses six bins from 40 nm to 10 µm, following a geometrical progression. The aerosol model accounts for Sulphate, Nitrate, Ammonium, SOA (as Secondary Organic Aerosols), PPM (as primary particulate matter), water and wind blown dusts (Vautard et al, 2005). The gas – particle partitioning of the ions Sulphate/Nitrate/Ammonium is treated by the code ISORROPIA (Nenes et al., 1998). The simulations are forced by GFS data 1°x1° resolution (NCEP), data refined by MM5 simulations (Dudhia, 1993) for Europe. The boundary conditions are outputs from LMDz-INCA model for gas-phase chemical species and from global aerosol model GOCART for mineral aerosols. Extracted data concern surface concentrations and columns of NO2, O3, PM10 and PM2.5 up to 200 hPa for 2001 to 2007.
Readme file:
- Hourly concentrations
- Daily mean
- Daily maximum
Analyzed simulations combining model and observations: Surface ozone concentrations are corrected using Airbase database. Kriging method is used to analyze the statistical variation in values over different distances. Only data from rural background measuring stations are used (~ 400). Such results are available over the 2001-2006 period. analyzed concentrations on an hourly base
Contacts : Frédérik Meleux and Anthony Ung
